THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION: 2000.

From ADSURLs 23/04
http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-34.pdf Nolan Malone, Kaari F. Baluja, Joseph M. Costanzo and Cynthia J. Davis.
United States Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. December 17, 2003.

The report chronicles the increase of the foreign-born population over the last decade: from 19.8 million in 1990 to 31.1 million in 2000. All regions of the country experienced increases in the foreign-born population - by nearly 90 percent in the South, 65 percent in the Midwest, 50 percent in the West and nearly 40 percent in the Northeast.
Between 1990 and 2000, the foreign-born population grew by 200 percent or more in North Carolina, Georgia and Nevada. In 2000, more than half of the nation’s foreign-born population lived in three states: California, New York and Texas.
Foreign-born people constituted the majority in six cities with populations of 100,000 or more population in 2000 - two of them in Florida and four in California, according to this analysis of census results by the U.S. Census Bureau. More than 7-in-10 people in Hialeah, Florida and about 6-in-10 in Miami were foreign-born, according to the census figures. The foreign-born accounted for more than half the population in the California cities of Glendale, Santa Ana, Daly City and El Monte.

Subject: Trio information resources on the net

Dear All :

I would like to share these information with our IRC colleagues. Maybe you can find these information are useful and can use as your resources to answer your reference inquiries. The nice thing is they archives the question and answers so we can use it everytime we need. Happy reading...

ASK CLASSBRAIN
http://www.classbrain.com/artaskcb/publish/

At ClassBrain.com we strive to provide students, teachers, and parents with access to the best possible resources on the world wide web. We have received hundreds of questions and have enjoyed helping out kids, parents, and even some overseas visitors in locating resources and information about a wide variety of topics.
Remember that while we do our best to point students in the right direction, we will not simply answer questions straight out of a textbook. We must stress the need for students to pay attention in class to their lectures, use their study notes, and read the assigned chapters in the textbooks before asking someone else to provide the answers. If students are still having trouble finding answers even after using these resources, then of course we encourage you to send us your questions. We will be more than
happy to locate resources that will help you out.

Here are the sample of topics:
-Voting Rights Act of 1965
-National Parks
-Dairy Products in U.S. States
-Which US state is well-known for its dairy products?
-Voting Rights Act of 1965

INFOPLEASE : ASK THE EDITORS
http://www.infoplease.com/askeds/index.html

Here are the sample of the questions :
If a senator happens to die while in office, what is the succession
procedure?
Who is the representative from our congressional district?
How long does it take to receive a tax refund from the IRS?
How do I find out more about the Americans with Disabilities Act?
When did people start paying federal income tax?
What is the difference between "hard" and "soft" money donations?
When was the first televised debate between two presidential candidates?
How many U.S. presidents were an only child?
Has a president ever been married in the White House?
Where does the vice president live?
George Washington was the first president to use the veto. What was the bill
and why did Washington veto it?
Who was the first president to be voted for by women?
Who was the first president born after World War II?
Who was the first president to appear on color television?
Who was the first president to have electricity in the White House?
Which presidents were left-handed?
How long do former presidents get protection from the U.S. Secret Service?
Who was the only U.S. president to hold a patent on an invention?
What was Rutherford B. Hayes' campaign motto in 1876?
Which 20th century U.S. Presidents did not appoint a Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court?
Who was the president when the White House got its first car?
Which president promised "a chicken in every pot"?
What president won the largest electoral vote total in an election?
Which states don't follow the "winner-take-all" procedure of awarding
electoral college votes?
What does the "S" in Harry S. Truman stand for?
Which U.S. President became a U.S. Senator after leaving office?


HOW FAR IS IT
http://www.indo.com/distance/
If you would like to know the distance between 2 cities -- everywhere around the world -- you can use this tool.
This service uses data from the US Census and a supplementary list of cities around the world to find the latitude and longitude of two places, and then calculates the distance between them (as the crow flies). It also provides a map showing the two places, using the Xerox PARC Map Server.

IRC Jakarta, Indonesia
email: irc@usembassyjakarta.org

Howdy do

Glad to be onboard

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, 2002

(from ADSURLs 22/04)
Capital Punishment, 2002
Thomas P. Bonczar and Tracy L. Snell.
United States Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs (OJP). Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). November 17, 2003.

This report presents a statistical overview of persons under sentence of death in the U.S. on December 31, 2002, and of persons executed in 2002. Preliminary data on executions by States during 2003 are included, and the report summarizes the movement of prisoners into and out of death sentence status during 2002. Numerical tables present data on offenders' sex, race, Hispanic origin, education, marital status, age at time of arrest for capital offense, legal status at time of capital offense, methods of execution, trends, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. Historical tables present executions since 1930 and sentencing since 1973.

Anti-Americanism: Causes and Characteristics

Recent Commentary by Andrew Kohut from the Pew Research Center on anti-americanism. Released December 10, 2003. "The numbers paint a depressing picture. Just a quarter of the French approve of U.S. policies, and the situation is only slightly better in Japan and Germany. Majorities in many countries say America’s strong military presence actually increases the chances for war. And most people believe America’s global influence is expanding. The United States has been down this road before, struggling with a battered image and drawing little in the way of support even from close allies. But for a variety of reasons, this time it is different: the anti-Americanism runs broader and deeper than ever before. "

The Troubling Medicare Legislation

This analysis from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities examines the new Medicare prescription drug law. Revised December 8, 2003.

In this week's issue of National Journal:

Guide To The Web A Staff Report
In this special report, National Journal highlights hundreds of Web sites, organized by 50
issue areas likely to be topical in 2004. National Journal reporters
selected the Web sites based on interviews with experts in those fields, as
well as their own experience in using the Internet as a resource. The 50
topic areas are arranged alphabetically within broad categories such as
foreign affairs and the economy.
http://nationaljournal.com/members/news/2003/12/1205nj1.htm

The complete Web guide can be downloaded and added to your bookmarks or favorites list.
http://nationaljournal.com/members/news/2003/12/1205nj.links.htm

Public History Resource Center

(excerpt from the Scout Report, Volume 9, Number 48 December 5, 2003) Public History Resource Center... the general public can learn more about what exactly constitutes public history, read reviews of history-focused websites, peruse syllabi on such topics as archival studies and historic preservations, and learn about degree-granting programs in public history. Additionally, the site includes a rather detailed list of related websites, thematically organized into areas such as associations, job resources, listservs, and newsletters. Along with the website reviews, the publications section includes several helpful feature articles, such as how to utilize the historical documents and still images held by the U.S. Mint.

RSS in Government

RSS in Government: News About How RSS is Being Used by
International, Federal, State, and Local Governments.
Find breaking coverage about RSS in local, state, national,
and international governments, as well as in the Department
of Defense and other agencies. (RSS, most commonly known as
Really Simple Syndication, is an Internet tool for tracking
news and updates.) Searchable. The editorial team includes
Ray Matthews, an RSS apostle based at the Utah State
Library. http://www.rssgov.com/

National Election Studies Homepage

The mission of the National Election Studies (NES) is to produce high quality data on voting, public opinion, and political participation that serve the research needs of social scientists, teachers, students, policy makers and journalists concerned with the theoretical and empirical foundations of mass politics in a democratic society. Central to this mission is the active involvement of the NES research community in all phases of the project from study planning through data analysis." [Read More...]

audio post powered by audblog

Department Launches Student Web Site

(following excerpted from Department of State website, www.state.gov)"The U.S. Department of State launched future.state.gov this month, a new web site for elementary, middle and high school students designed to increase understanding of international issues and events and encourage students' interest in Civil Service or Foreign Service careers with the State Department.

High school students assisted with the name, design and content for the website, which contains an interactive timeline of diplomatic history, country maps, photo slideshows, and stories from American children overseas. Younger students will find puzzles and games to teach them about international travel and foreign countries. The site also offers content specifically for parents and educators. Teachers can download foreign policy lesson plans and videos designed for integration into existing teaching curricula. Three lessons cover the Vietnam conflict, the Cuban missile crisis, and the war on terrorism."

Researchers for hire at NARA

The National Archives is assembling a list of independent researchers who would be willing, for a fee, to undertake research assignments at the National Archives. This could become a very useful referral resource for the occasional IRC request that requires onsite archival research at NARA. The project seems to be in a preliminary information gathering phase....there is plenty of information about what the list is intended to be, and how to join it, but nothing yet - that I could find - about how to access the list.

uspolicy.be Report Alert, Vol. 3, No 14

Report Alert, Vol. 3, No 14 This page enables you to keep abreast of recent reports, official and non-official. All items are hyperlinked to the full-text documents.

This issue of Report Alert covers the following topics:
Africa � Arms Control/Non-Proliferation � Balkans � Democracy/Human Rights/Religious Freedom � Development � Economy and Trade � Foreign Policy � Global Issues � International Security � Middle East � Terrorism � U.S. Elections

(excerpt) Free Pint Newsletter 149 - Data Protection, Repatriation

Free Pint Newsletter 149 - Data Protection, Repatriation
Tips for returning Fulbrighters, FSOs?

Political Resources on the Net

Political Resources on the Net
A portal providing "Listings of political sites available on the Internet sorted by country, with links to parties, organizations, governments, media and more from all around the world."

OneLook Reverse Dictionary

OneLook Reverse Dictionary
A useful - or at least amusing - tool for when you know the word's definition but not the word!

EVENLY DIVIDED AND INCREASINGLY POLARIZED.

Pew Research Center for People and the Press. November 5, 2003.

This Pew Center poll studying the mood of voters in upcoming national elections suggests that the sense of national unity that followed the Sept. 11 attacks has subsided. The survey finds a rise in political polarity, similar to public sentiment found in the center's 2000 poll. In fact, a year before the presidential election, American voters are once again seeing things largely through partisan eyes. The Republican Party has made significant gains in party affiliation over the past four years, but this remains a country that is almost evenly divided politically ­ yet further apart than ever in its political values.
The Pew Research Center's longitudinal measures of basic political, economic and social values, which date back to 1987, show that political polarization is now as great as it was prior to the 1994 midterm elections that ended four decades of Democratic control in Congress.

http://people-press.org/reports/pdf/196.pdf [pdf format, 152 pages]

Some interesting posts from the Scout Report, 11/14/2003

American Choices: Understanding Foreign Policy Debates
http://americanchoices.org/

Sponsored by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and several other organizations, this intriguing site offers individuals the opportunity to determine (in a general fashion) where they stand on the "fundamental trade-offs facing U.S. policymakers." At its essence, the website asks users 12 questions about their views on foreign policy stances in order to construct a nuanced portrait of their individual foreign policy beliefs. Along with this feature, users can also offer their views on four aspects of America's role in foreign affairs: use of military power, sponsorship of democracy and human rights, efforts to expand the global marketplace, and the level of international cooperation. In this feature, users use a sliding scale to offer their opinions on these four elements through questions like "Should we increase emphasis on diplomatic or military means to secure peace?" The site is rounded out by a selection of links to outside resources, thematically organized into areas that allow online users to engage in political discussions, learn about foreign policy debates, and read commentaries from a broad range of ideological perspectives. [KMG]


American Journeys -- Eyewitness Accounts of Early American Exploration and Settlement: A Digital Library and Learning Center
http://www.americanjourneys.org/

With over 18,000 pages of eyewitness accounts of North American exploration, the American Journeys Digital Library and Learning Center is the result of a collaboration between the U.S. Institute of Museum & Library Services and by private donors. Much of the work was done at the Wisconsin Historical Society in Madison, Wisconsin, and visitors with an interest in digital projects and their creation and management will want to review the section that details how the website was built. Visitors with a limited amount of time will want to peruse the highlights section, which offers a number of noteworthy historical accounts, including the first encounter of Europeans with the Grand Canyon and the arrival of Captain James Cook in Hawaii. The resource section for educators is well-developed and includes suggestions on integrating documents into lesson plans, information on interpreting documents, and addressing sensitive content. As might be expected, the complete contents of the digital library may be searched in any number of ways, including by topic, author name, document type, and by keyword or full text. [KMG]

HomeTownLocator Gazetteer
http://gazetteer.hometownlocator.com/index.cfm

A number of sites provide easy access to Census information and topographical features, but the HomeTownLocator Gazetteer is certainly one of the easiest to use, and quite a bit of fun as well. On this site, users may begin by browsing physical and cultural features of the United States, arranged by individual state. From each state listing, visitors may learn about various physical and cultural attributes within each county, such as hospitals, bays, airports, oilfield, and post offices. After browsing a list of each type of feature, visitors may elect to view an aerial photograph of the feature and its environs as well. Census 2000 information may be browsed by city, town, village, county, or zip code, which is yet another nice feature of the site. Also, visitors can use the My House feature to obtain a photo of the street they live on and use a distance finder to calculate the distance between two cities, towns, or zip codes. [KMG]

Explore National American Indian Heritage Month
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/feature/indian/index.htm

Under the theme Strengthening the Spirit, the National Register of Historic Places (in tandem with the National Park Service) has developed this site to showcase various historic properties listed in the National Register and National Park units that celebrate the achievements of American Indians and Alaska Natives. The site was also produced to draw attention to National American Indian Heritage Month, and to assist educators with the process of incorporating into the curriculum field trips to these places. Some of the featured places on the site include the Campus Center in Alaska, which served as the location of the Alaska Federation of Natives conference in 1971 and the Southwestern Range and Sheep Breeding Laboratory Historic District in New Mexico, which was a part of a New Deal program to improve sheep breeding. Educators will want to look through the Teaching with Historic Places modules available here that profile additional historical landmarks and sites that capture important aspects of American Indian history throughout the country. [KMG]

UNCLASSIFIED REPORT TO CONGRESS ON THE ACQUISITION OF TECHNOLOGY RELATING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION AND ADVANCED CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS

From EADSURLS 14/2003: UNCLASSIFIED REPORT TO CONGRESS ON THE ACQUISITION OF TECHNOLOGY RELATING TO WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION AND ADVANCED CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS, 1 JANUARY THROUGH 30 JUNE 2003.
United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Web-posted November 10, 2003.

In its most recent semiannual unclassified report to Congress on the acquisition of technology relating to weapons of mass destruction, the CIA asserts that "Tehran has been pursuing a clandestine nuclear weapons program, in violation of its obligations as a party to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). To bolster its efforts to establish domestic nuclear fuel-cycle capabilities, Iran sought technology that can support fissile material production for a nuclear weapons program." This report also covers the attempts of other countries and of non-state organizations to procure WMD. There are also sections on key suppliers such as Russia, China and North Korea.

http://www.odci.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/jan_jun2003.htm [html format, 12 printed pages]

FY2004 EADSURLS No. 13

Hate Crime Statistics

HATE CRIME STATISTICS, 2002.
United States Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Web-posted November 12, 2003.

When Congress passed the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990, lawmakers mandated the collection of information regarding crimes motivated by a bias against race, religion, sexual orientation, and/or ethnicity/national origin. The Attorney General designated the FBI to satisfy that requirement. With the cooperation and assistance of many local and state law enforcement agencies familiar with the investigation of hate crimes and the collection of related information, the UCR [Unified Crime Reports] Program created a data collection system to comply with the congressional mandate. The Violent Crime and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 amended the Hate Crime Statistics Act to include bias against disabilities. The FBI started gathering data for the additional bias motivation on January 1, 1997.
A review of the 7,459 single-bias hate crime incidents reported in 2002 showed that 48.8 percent were racially motivated, 19.1 percent were based on a bias against a religious group, 16.7 percent were motivated by a bias against a sexual orientation, 14.8 percent resulted from an ethnicity/national origin bias, and 0.6 percent were based on a disability bias.
Of the 8,832 hate crime offenses reported in 2002, 67.5 percent were crimes against persons, 32.0 percent were crimes against property, and less than 1 percent were crimes against society. Intimidation was the most frequently reported crime against persons at 52.1 percent. The offense of destruction/damage/vandalism, at 83.1 percent, was the most often reported crime against property.

http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/hatecrime2002.pdf [pdf format, 148 pages]

Item# 04AD112 MPP Theme: 12SIB Geo: USA


2003 JOB SEARCH PRIVACY STUDY. JOB SEARCHING IN THE NETWORKED ENVIRONMENT: CONSUMER PRIVACY BENCHMARKS.
Pam Dixon.
World Privacy Forum. November 11, 2003.

In a little over a decade in the United States and elsewhere, the business of searching for a job has moved primarily from a process based on mailing or carrying a hard-copy resume to an electronic transmission process, whether in the form of a job-bank registry, an emailed resume, or filling out online forms, or some combination of these or other digitized procedures. According to the author of this new report, “This changed applicant process has, overall, not had a beneficial effect on the job seeker.”
Dixon’s research of the privacy policies in the online employment industry is full of very useful data that job-seekers and web designers should look at. Besides the usual caveats related to the potential threats of identity theft and misuse of personal data, Dixon uncovered some interesting information, such as the following: “Researchers have submitted a Freedom of Information Act request regarding USAJOBS.gov and StudentJobs.gov. These two sites are the Federal Government’s official job sites. In the privacy policy posted at these sites, no mention is made that Monster.com is the government contractor that is operating these sites.”
The Consumer Guide provides dozens of job-search site addresses, along with the privacy policies attached to each.

Report:
http://www.worldprivacyforum.org/wpfjobstudy.pdf [pdf format, 82 pages]
Executive Summary:
http://www.worldprivacyforum.org/execsumm.pdf [pdf format, 6 pages]
Consumer Guide:
http://www.worldprivacyforum.org/wpfconsumerguide.pdf [pdf format, 22 pages]

Item# 04AD113 MPP Theme: 12RLG Geo: Global


LOST IN TRANSIT: GLOBAL CFC SMUGGLING TRENDS AND THE NEED FOR FASTER PHASE-OUT.
Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA). November 10, 2003.

[Note: The Environmental Investigation Agency is a non-profit NGO based in London and Washington DC committed to investigating and exposing environmental crime. EIA has been actively tracking the global illegal trade in ozone depleting substances (ODS) since the mid 1990s to provide information to the Montreal Protocol and other relevant bodies.]

This report analyzes complex chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) smuggling operations spanning three continents and including Singapore, South Africa, and the United States. It reveals the global nature of the illegal trade and exposes CFC smuggling operations coordinated by Singaporean dealers who seek to deceive US authorities and dump illegal CFCs on the American market.
EIA reveals how Singaporean companies offer to sell CFCs to the U.S., mislead the US Environmental Protection Agency, and engineer elaborate international trading schemes to avoid U.S. enforcement efforts. One scam involves the gold mines of South Africa. As used CFCs are legally permitted to import into the U.S., opportunistic traders claim to extract CFCs from refrigeration equipment required in South Africa's goldmines. However, the CFCs are often not genuine used material at all, but a mixture of used and illegal virgin material, or illegal virgin CFCs that have been deliberately contaminated to give the appearance of used chemicals, which fetch a very high price on the lucrative U.S. market. To facilitate this scam, virgin CFCs are smuggled into South Africa through the neighboring countries.

http://www.eia-international.org/cgi/reports/report-files/media65-1.pdf [pdf format, 20 pages]

Item# 04AD114 MPP Theme: 14 Geo: Global


THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE: ENVIRONMENT IN THE FREE TRADE AREA OF THE AMERICAS.
Audley, John
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. November 2003.

When they meet this November in Miami, Florida, the 34 trade ministers of the Western Hemisphere will do whatever they can to keep the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) negotiations from running aground. The lack of progress in key trade areas such as market access, agriculture, and investment, as well as competing trade negotiations involving other FTAA members, have turned the negotiation's scheduled 2004 completion date into a daunting finish line.
Audley notes that the regulatory enforcement approach to the trade and environment challenge taken by the United States has often been interpreted by its developing country trading partners as an effort to coerce them into enforcing their own environmental laws, or risk trade sanctions. Agreeing to what they see as new environmental conditions for access to the U.S. market taps into a deeply rooted fear among developing countries that the United States is using environmental laws to protect its markets from foreign competition. It also conjures up ghosts of earlier U.S. efforts to coerce Latin American governments to adopt U.S. policy priorities. This approach may be appropriate for countries like Australia or Singapore, who already enjoy the capacity to develop and implement sound environmental laws. It may also be suitable for governments like Chile, Brazil, and perhaps even Mexico. However, according to the author, “this approach is poisonous for countries with little or no capacity to protect their environment, like those in Central America, the Caribbean, and many other parts of the hemisphere. “

Note: The Spanish-language version cited below forms the first 3 pages of a larger publication on trade and sustainable development.

Note: Contains copyrighted material.

http://www.ceip.org/files/pdf/issuebriefnov2003.pdf [English-language, pdf format, 6 pages]
http://www.ictsd.org/monthly/puentes/Puentes4-3.pdf [Spanish-language, pdf format, 3 pages]

Item# 04AD115 MPP Theme: 5O Geo: WHA


FEWER IMMIGRANTS, A WARMER WELCOME: FIXING A BROKEN IMMIGRATION POLICY.
Mark Kriko.
Center for Immigration Studies (CIS). November 2003.

The author takes a firm stand on what he sees as necessary fixes to the current U.S. immigration policies. “To fix immigration’s broken windows the authorities need to start taking immigration violations seriously. To take only one example, people who repeatedly sneak across the border are supposed to be prosecuted and jailed, and the Border Patrol unveiled a new digital fingerprint system in the mid-90s to make tracking of repeat crossers possible. The problem is that short-staffed U.S. Attorney’s offices kept increasing the number of apprehensions needed to trigger prosecution so as to avoid actually having to prosecute anyone.”
He focuses on several specific measures: “The initiative that would yield the most bang for the buck would be enforcement of employer sanctions (the jargon term for the ban on hiring illegal aliens). Ideally, we need a national employment-eligibility verification system, which would allow employers to determine which new hires have the right to work in the United States. The INS developed, and its successor agencies continue to operate, several pilot programs along these lines, and participating employers are generally pleased with them.”

http://www.cis.org/articles/2003/back1503.pdf [pdf format, 8 pages]

Item# 04AD116 MPP Theme: 8A Geo: USA


HOW MUCH INFORMATION? 2003.
Peter Lyman and Hal R. Varian, et al.
University of California, Berkeley. The School of Information Management and Systems (SIMS). Web-posted October 30, 2003.

This study is an attempt to estimate how much new information is created each year. Newly created information is distributed in four storage media – print, film, magnetic, and optical – and seen or heard in four information flows – telephone, radio and TV, and the Internet. This study of information storage and flows analyzes the year 2002 in order to estimate the annual size of the stock of new information contained in storage media, and heard or seen each year in information flows. Where reliable data was available the researchers compared the 2002 findings to those of their 2000 study (which used 1999 data) in order to identify trends – recognizing that 1999-2002 were years of relatively low economic activity. [The 2000 study is located on the Web at http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/how-much-info .]
Among the SIMS team’s finding: “Print, film, magnetic, and optical storage media produced about 5 exabytes of new information in 2002. Ninety-two percent of the new information was stored on magnetic media, mostly in hard disks.” For comparison purposes, the authors inform us that five exabytes of information is equivalent in size to the information contained in half a million new libraries the size of the Library of Congress print collections. Another way they explain it is that five exabytes is equivalent to “all words ever spoken by human beings.”

Note: In addition to the urls provided below, there is a Table of Contents page, with links to data on “Stored Information” and “Information Flows” at: http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/research/projects/how-much-info-2003 .

Full Report:
http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/research/projects/how-much-info-2003/printable_report.pdf [pdf format, 112 pages]
Executive Summary:
http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/research/projects/how-much-info-2003/execsum.htm [html format, 12 printed pages]

Item# 04AD117 MPP Theme: 12IC Geo: Global


PREVENTING NUCLEAR TERRORISM: A PROGRESS UPDATE.
Matthew Bunn.
Harvard University, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs/ Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI). October 22, 2003.

While progress has been made in securing vulnerable nuclear material stockpiles around the world, there remains a dangerous gap between the pace of progress and the scope and urgency of the threat, according to this analysis by Matthew Bunn of Harvard University. Only 41 percent of Russia’s nuclear materials have received U.S.-funded “rapid” security upgrades or more comprehensive upgrades to date, according to official data cited in Bunn’s paper, released by the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI).
The paper outlines the continuing nuclear threat, summarizes the progress made in the last year and the gaps that remain, and recommends steps to close the gap between the threat and the response. According to the analysis, three elements are essential in reducing these threats:
1) Remove the nuclear materials (highly enriched uranium and plutonium) entirely from the world’s most vulnerable sites;
2) Accelerate and strengthen cooperative efforts with Russia to secure nuclear stockpiles; and
3) Build a fast-paced global partnership of nations working together to improve security for nuclear materials around the world.

http://www.nti.org/c_press/analysis_cnwmupdate_102203.pdf [pdf format, 19 pages]

Item# 04AD118 MPP Theme: 2G Geo: Global


BUILDING REGIONAL SECURITY COOPERATION IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE: ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
Max G. Manwaring, Wendy Fontela, Mary Grizzard, and Dennis Rempe.
U.S. Army War College. Strategic Studies Institute. October 2003.

Last March a conference entitled “Building Regional Security in the Western Hemisphere” was co-sponsored by the U.S. Army War College, U.S. Southern Command, and University of Miami North- South Center. This document summarizes hours of tapes and reams of notes to clarify the issues and develop actionable recommendations.
The report emphasizes four highly related needs and associated recommendations:
* The need to advance hemispheric understanding of the security concerns of each country, and those that the region as a whole faces (e.g., the internal and external threat(s) to security);
* The need to develop multilateral, civil-military structures and processes to identify and address threats in the contemporary security environment;
* The need to foster expanded dialogue, consultations, and cooperation for building consensus principles and concepts for regional security cooperation;
* The need to adapt U.S. military efficacy to the contemporary threat environment in the hemisphere at the strategic level.

http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ssi/pubs/2003/building/building.pdf [pdf format, 46 pages]

Item# 04AD119 MPP Theme: 1H Geo: WHA


DEALING WITH INCREASED RISK OF NATURAL DISASTERS: CHALLENGES AND OPTIONS. [IMF Working Paper No. 03/197]
Paul Freeman, Michael J. Keen, and Muthukumara Mani.
International Monetary Fund (IMF). October 2003.

Natural disaster risk is emerging as an increasingly important constraint on economic development and poverty reduction. This paper first sets out the key facts in the topic area - that the costs of disaster have been increasing, seem set to continue to increase, and bear especially heavily on the poorest. It then reviews the key economic issues at stake, focusing in particular on the actual and prospective roles of, and interaction between, market instruments and public interventions in dealing with disaster risk. Key sources of market failure include the difficulty of risk spreading and, perhaps even more fundamental, the Samaritan's dilemma: the underinvestment in protective measures associated with the rational expectation that others will provide support if disaster occurs. Innovations addressing each of these are discussed.
Included as an Appendix is an assessment, by region, from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), of the probable/possible effects of significant climate change.

Note: Contains copyrighted material.

http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2003/wp03197.pdf [pdf format, 38 pages]

Item# 04AD120 MPP Theme: 14D Geo: Global

The U.S. Anti-AIDS Program

Q&A page on the status of President Bush's anti-AIDS plan from the Council on Foreign Relations website. Updated on November 6, 2003.

DOJ Report on Capital Punishment 2002

The Bureau of Justice Statistics has released the report Capital Punishment 2002. The report "presents characteristics of persons under sentence of death on December 31, 2002, and of persons executed in 2002. Preliminary data on executions by States during 2003 are included, and the report summarizes the movement of prisoners into and out of death sentence status during 2002. Numerical tables present data on offenders' sex, race, Hispanic origin, education, marital status, age at time of arrest for capital offense, legal status at time of capital offense, methods of execution, trends, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. Historical tables present executions since 1930 and sentencing since 1973." The 2002 report shows that U.S. executions have increased for the first time in 3 years.

U.S. Contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan

The Center for Public Integrity has compiled a report on U.S. contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan. Includes list of contractors for both Iraq and Afghanistan and a ranking of contractors by contract size.

Greatest danger, or greatest hope?

The terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001 have not only widened the differences between America and the rest of the world, but have also deepened divisions within the country itself, says John Parker in the Survey of America special issue of the Economist (November 6). See also the useful Economist "country profile" on the U.S.

THE 2004 POLITICAL LANDSCAPE: EVENLY DIVIDED AND INCREASINGLY POLARIZED

(Survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, released November 5, 2003). A year before Election Day, Americans are politically divided and increasingly polarized in their beliefs, according to a new survey of political attitudes and values released by the Pew Research Center. The political landscape has changed drastically from what it was four years ago. Since then, terrorists attacked the United States, the economy declined, and the military waged war in Afghanistan and Iraq. The survey was conducted in the summer and the fall, and was based on more than 4,000 interviews in which individuals were asked 96 questions on various topics, including foreign policy, civil liberties, race, religion, and social values.

E-GOVERNMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT

E-GOVERNMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT.(excerpted from EADSURLS 11/FY 2004)
E-GOVERNMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT.
United Nations Online Network in Public Administration and Finance. November 2003.

This report compares and contrasts the concepts of “e-government”, “e-governance”, and “e-democracy”, which are interrelated but not synonymous. Using the whole array of information and communication technology (ICT) available, the authors maintain that “e-government” can be defined as “the sum of internal processes and external relationships that public authorities maintain with citizens, business, or foreign public entities.”
Among the potential benefits of e-government, the report cites:
* simplification of the process of dealing with public bureaucracy;
* increasing efficiency, transparency and accountability in the use of public resources;
* increasing society’s knowledge of the issues handled by the public administration;
* reduction of administrative costs.

UN Publications: World Public Sector Report: E-Government at the Cross Roads

UN Publications: World Public Sector Report: E-Government at the Cross Roads Excerpt: "The World Public Sector Report 2003 “E-government at the Crossroads” provides an analysis of the status of e-government in the world today. It adopts the UN Millennium Declaration as its analytical framework and presents the UN Global E-government Survey 2003, with a global ranking of Member States as to their e-government readiness. The main message of the report is that development and the existence of e-government applications do not necessarily reflect the quality of life in a country."

Ironically, the report does not appear to be available online, but some of its conclusions are summarized in Mark Stevenson's AP story - including "The United States led the rankings of e-government "readiness," or the amount of information, services and products offered over the Internet combined with the infrastructure - such as telephones, computers and Internet connections - needed to access them.

Sweden ranked second, followed by Australia, Denmark, Great Britain, Canada, Norway, Switzerland, Germany and Finland."

SOSIG: What's New in Politics

SOSIG: What's New in PoliticsThis looks like a useful aid for staying on top of things!

NewsBank Presidential Campaign 2004

NewsBank SPECIAL REPORT! Presidential Campaign 2004

SECOND WORLD PRESS FREEDOM RANKING.

Reporters Without Borders/ Reporters sans frontiers (RSF). October 20, 2003.

Like last year, RSF finds the lowest rankings of press freedom in Asia, with eight countries in the bottom ten: North Korea, Burma, Laos, China, Iran, Vietnam, Turkmenistan and Bhutan. Independent news media are either non-existent in these countries, or are constantly repressed by the authorities. Journalists there work in extremely difficult conditions, with no freedom and no security. A number of them are imprisoned in Burma, China and Iran.
Cuba is in 165th position, second from last. Twenty-six independent journalists were arrested in the spring of 2003 and sentenced to prison terms ranging from 14 to 27 years, making Cuba the world's biggest prison for journalists. They were accused of writing articles for publication abroad that played into the hands of "imperialist interests." Eritrea, in 162nd position, has the worst situation in Africa. Privately-owned news media have been banned there for the past two years and 14 journalists are being held in undisclosed locations.

http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/World_press_ranking.pdf [English-language, pdf format, 7 pages]
http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/Classement_mondial.pdf [French-language, pdf format, 7 pages]
http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/clasificacion_mundial.pdf [Spanish-language, pdf format, 7 pages]
http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/index_RU.pdf [Russian-language, pdf format, 8 pages]
http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/ranking_arabic.pdf [Arabic-language, pdf format, 8 pages]

From the Resource Shelf Blog, November 2, 2003:
Resources, Reports, Tools, Lists, and Full-Text Documents
Ready Reference--Iraq--Timelines
InfoPlease Has Published Three New Timelines
1) Iraq Crisis, 2002–Present
2) Iraq Timeline, 1920s–1999
3) Kurdish History

Cato Institute on National Security Strategy:

BUSH’S NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY IS A MISNOMER.
Charles V. Peña.
Cato Institute. October 30, 2003.

The author critiques the foreign policy and national security strategy of the Bush administration. He prescribes a less interventionist foreign policy, one that actively seeks out and dismantles threats to American security, but that refrains from provoking further threats. In his words: “It is too late to stop al Qaeda from targeting America and Americans. The United States must do everything in its power to dismantle the al Qaeda terrorist network worldwide, but the United States must also avoid needlessly making new terrorist enemies or fueling the flames of virulent anti-American hatred. In the 21st century, the less the United States meddles in the affairs of other countries, the less likely the prospect that America and Americans will be targets for terrorism.”

http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa496.pdf [pdf format, 26 pages]

AARP (formerly American Association of Retired Persons) and Leadership Conference on Civil Rights have announced a new website, "Voices of Civil Rights", featuring recollections and observations of people who had first hand experience of the the civil rights movement. The site will be launched on January 15, 2004 and the project will continue throughout 2004 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education

An interesting ngo public diplomacy initiative:

"Americans for Informed Democracy (AID) is a non-partisan organization that seeks to raise awareness in the U.S. about world opinions of American foreign policy and to counteract anti-American sentiment overseas, with the goal of inspiring greater multilateralism in world affairs."

This was an announcement made by CRS on 9/23/03:

Legislation of Interest to CRS: Availability of CRS Products for Congressional Web Sites
The Committee on House Administration, following consultation with CRS, has announced implementation of a new system for making CRS written products available to House Members and committees for placement on their web sites. This new service, which became effective September 17th, replaces a pilot project with a limited number of House Members that has been in place for some time. The new service will facilitate the selective placement online of current documents that Members deem of value for electronic dissemination to their constituents. Members and committees will be able to search our Web site to identify appropriate products of their choosing and will then be able to link to the up-to-date version of those products through a server maintained by the House. As the Committee noted in its announcement, "[u]nder this approach, as each product is chosen individually, the principles of selective dissemination, timeliness, and accuracy are preserved, and concerns that flow from the specter of wholesale publication are avoided." CRS has also discussed options with the Senate.

from:
SECRECY NEWS
from the FAS Project on Government Secrecy
Volume 2003, Issue No. 93
October 28, 2003

ACCESS TO CRS REPORTS (TEMPORARILY?) CURTAILED

Publicly accessible links from congressional web sites to an
internal database of Congressional Research Service (CRS)
reports suddenly went dead last week without explanation.
But they may yet be restored.

For about three years, the Congressional Research Service has
provided online public access to hundreds of selected reports
through a portal like this one:

http://www.house.gov/markgreen/w3ccrs.htm

No longer.

The publicly accessible CRS portals were part of a "pilot
program," explained a congressional staffer in Rep. Green's
office. "The pilot program has just expired." Goodbye, CRS
reports.

But fortunately, there's more to it than that.

Members can still opt to provide public access through their
websites to the internal database of selected CRS reports,
explained another staffer from the House Committee on House
Administration. Or they can provide online access to
individual reports of special interest, as they see fit. In
either case, they must make new arrangements through the
Administration Committee.

FAS has written to Rep. Mark Green (R-WI) and Rep. Christopher
Shays (R-CT) asking them to restore at least the same level of
access to CRS reports that their web sites have provided for
the past three years.

A selection of recent CRS reports on aspects of national
security policy, including some that were never presented in
the public database, is available on the FAS web site here:

http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/index.html

Spinsanity a media monitoring website, is the joint effort of three editors who are motivated by "a concern that our public political dialogue, largely expressed through the channels of the mass media, is becoming systematically dominated by sophisticated tactics of manipulation rather than norms of public reason." Although the editors disclose liberal/progressive leanings, the site appears to be deliberately non-partisan - Michael Moore and Ann Coulter get equal treatment.

Facts for Features. Halloween 2003 by the U.S. Census Bureau

http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/facts_for_features/001482.html

Blogger could become a very useful tool. One of things we may want to do is publish post products to a particular web site. If I understand this correctly, all members of ircworld would be able to contribute. Does anyone know how easy it is to publish to a website. I guess the website should not be an embassy website but any website that is using an independent ISP.

Spanish translation of "Suspension of Transit Without Visa and International Programs: Frequently Asked Questions" issued by the U.S Department of Homeland Security.

http://www.usembassy-mexico.gov/bbf/visas/bfvisa_transito.pdf

Excerpts from ResearchBuzz#254

Press release junkies, if you're looking for a new place to
read the wires you can find it at the LA Times. If you go to
http://www.latimes.com/business/ and then look under
Business Tools/Press Releases on the left, you'll find PR
Newswire releases divided into much more specific categories
than I ever found on the PR Newswire site (am I just not
looking in the right place?)

** Database of Nuclear Explosions

Geoscience Australia has an available database of Nuclear
Explosions at http://www.ga.gov.au/oracle/nukexp_query.html
. This site was last updated in May and contains information
on nuclear explosions all over the world.

You have two search choices. You need to choose an area
(China, France, Great Britain, India, Pakistan, South
Africa, the Soviet Union, or the US) and a span of years
(from 1945 to 2001.) I searched US from 1950 to 1965.

The database listed 424 explosions. Details given for each
explosion include date, origin time, site, name (name?),
yield (in kT -- kilotons?), and decimal latitude/longitude.

Actually this site has several other information sources as
well, including a table of recent earthquakes (
http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/listQuakes ), a place name search
(Australia only) and a distance calculator.

Reproduced with permission of ResearchBuzz ( http://www.researchbuzz.com ).

There have been some problems with the www.blogger.com site the past few days, so if you've received an invitation to join this blog but have been able to login, please try again later....

Here's another portal to information about public diplomacy...rather extensive, but not updated since March 2003
http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~stables/pdbookmarks.htm

A couple of interesting items from the October 17 Scout Report

American Notes: Travel in America, 1750 - 1920
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/lhtnhtml/lhtnhome.html

While Alexis de Tocqueville's, Democracy in America may remain one of the most important and compelling commentaries on the American condition, the American Memory project at the Library of Congress has compiled this wonderful collection of 253 published narratives by Americans and foreign visitors from the period of 1750 to 1920 for the convenience of the Web-browsing public. The criteria used to determine which narratives would be included in the collection were that the work had to be primarily in the first person, that it was free of copyright restrictions, and that it was part of the Library of Congress's General Collections. Along with familiar works by Charles Dickens, Washington Irving, and James Fenimore Cooper, the collection includes works by lesser known persons, such as Josiah Gregg's, The Journal of a Santa Fe trader, 1831-1839 and Captain Basil Hall's, Travels in North America, in the years 1827 and 1828. [KMG]

Vietnam: Journeys of Mind, Body & Spirit [RealOnePlayer]
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/vietnam/?src=e_ce

Oriented around the theme of journeys, this online exhibit explores the various journeys that both the nation and people of Vietnam has undergone over the past few millennia, in particular the transition from French colonial control through the conflict with the United States, and the movement to a free-market economy over the past decade.
Curated by Laurel Kendall (and hosted by the American Museum of Natural History), the exhibit begins with Journeys Through Time and Space, where visitors can read some introductory remarks about the country, such as the various ethnic groups in the country, its geography, and history. The other sections (which are interspersed with photographs and illustrations) deal with death rites, the importance of various deities, and the transformation of the economy in the country. The site also features several fine video clips, including a 4-minute video of the rite that marks the passage of a young Vietnamese boy into manhood. [KMG]

Some recent CRS reports posted at the US Embassy Rome IRC:

Afghanistan: Current Issues and U.S. Policy
Egypt-United States Relations
India-U.S. Relations
Internet Privacy: Overview and Pending Legislation
Iraq: Map Sources
Iraq: Summary of U.S. Casualties
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts And Post-War Governance
Israeli-United States Relations
Russia
Palestinians and Middle East Peace: Issues for the United States
Syria: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues

Journalism.org http://www.journalism.org/
excerpt from the Scout Report, October 10:"The Web site effectively serves as a portal and utility for persons interested in journalism, and contains a catalog of tools, techniques and ideas, empirical research, job links, and numerous other helpful materials for the general public, practicing journalists, and journalism students."

www.americaslibrary.gov, a Library of Congress site, "was designed especially with young people in mind, but there are great stories for people of all ages, and we hope children and their families will want to explore this site together" - should be useful for teachers.

Govspot (www.govspot.com) appears to be a useful all-purpose portal to U.S. government (federal, state and local) information. Includes a section on recent government reports, and a monthly newlsetter alerting subscribers to newsworthy government information on the net.

Here's a collection of recent reports on public diplomacy